In use
NB The 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work has renamed this stage 'Use'.
The process for completing the design and construction of a building is often divided into notional ‘stages’. This can be helpful in establishing milestones for the submission of progress reports, the preparation of information for approval, client gateways, and for making payments. However there is a great deal of ambiguity between the naming of stages by different organisations and the definition of what individual stages include (see comparison of work stages) and so it is important that appointment documents make it clear specifically what activities fall within which stage, and what level of detail is required.
‘In use’ was a new phrase coined by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) for the 2013 Plan of Work. This plan comprised eight work stages:
- 0 - Strategic definition.
- 1 - Preparation and brief.
- 2 - Concept design.
- 3 - Developed design.
- 4 - Technical design.
- 5 - Construction.
- 6 - Handover and close out.
- 7 - In use.
Stage 7, ‘In Use’ was described by the RIBA as a new stage within the Plan of Work which includes post-occupancy evaluation and post-project review as well as ‘…new duties that can be undertaken during the In Use period of a building.’ Some of these services were previously included in the stages L2: Initial Occupation Services and L3: Post Occupancy Evaluation Services.
The 2020 edition of the RIBA Plan of Work has renamed this stage 'Use'. It suggests that: 'On the majority of projects, the design team and construction team will have no Stage
7 duties to undertake.'
However consultants might provide advice to the client post construction in relation to:
- Letting.
- Rating.
- Maintenance.
- Energy consumption and energy certificates.
- Insurance.
- Tenants queries.
- Facilities management.
- The preparation of tender documents for maintenance and operation contracts.
- Post occupancy evaluation.
- Facilities management.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings Wiki
- Occupation.
- Comparison of work stages.
- Defects liability period.
- Designing Buildings Wiki Project plans.
- Developed design.
- Performance gap.
- Performance in use.
- Post-occupancy evaluation.
- Post-project review.
- RIBA Plan of Work.
- Soft landings.
[edit] External references
Featured articles and news
Great British Energy install solar on school and NHS sites
200 schools and 200 NHS sites to get solar systems, as first project of the newly formed government initiative.
600 million for 60,000 more skilled construction workers
Announced by Treasury ahead of the Spring Statement.
The restoration of the novelist’s birthplace in Eastwood.
Life Critical Fire Safety External Wall System LCFS EWS
Breaking down what is meant by this now often used term.
PAC report on the Remediation of Dangerous Cladding
Recommendations on workforce, transparency, support, insurance, funding, fraud and mismanagement.
New towns, expanded settlements and housing delivery
Modular inquiry asks if new towns and expanded settlements are an effective means of delivering housing.
Building Engineering Business Survey Q1 2025
Survey shows growth remains flat as skill shortages and volatile pricing persist.
Construction contract awards remain buoyant
Infrastructure up but residential struggles.
Home builders call for suspension of Building Safety Levy
HBF with over 100 home builders write to the Chancellor.
CIOB Apprentice of the Year 2024/2025
CIOB names James Monk a quantity surveyor from Cambridge as the winner.
Warm Homes Plan and existing energy bill support policies
Breaking down what existing policies are and what they do.
Treasury responds to sector submission on Warm Homes
Trade associations call on Government to make good on manifesto pledge for the upgrading of 5 million homes.
A tour through Robotic Installation Systems for Elevators, Innovation Labs, MetaCore and PORT tech.
A dynamic brand built for impact stitched into BSRIA’s building fabric.
BS 9991:2024 and the recently published CLC advisory note
Fire safety in the design, management and use of residential buildings. Code of practice.