Pliocene
Green infrastructure and open environments: London’s foundations: protecting the geodiversity of the capital, Supplementary Planning Guidance, published by the Mayor of London in March 2012, defines Pliocene as: ‘A geological epoch [5.3 – 1.8Ma] preceded by the Miocene and followed by the Pleistocene. Part of the Cenozoic Era.’
Climate Change 2021, The Physical Science Basis, published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2021, states: ‘The Pliocene Epoch is the more recent of two epochs of the Neogene Period within the Cenozoic Era. It extends from 5.33 Ma to the beginning of the Pleistocene Epoch at 2.59 Ma. The Neogene Period precedes the current geological period, the Quaternary Period, which is one of several ice ages that have occurred during Earth’s geological history. It encompasses the mid-Pliocene warm period (MPWP), also known as the Piacenzian warm period, which occurred approximately 3.3 to 3.0 Ma. The MPWP, in turn, encompasses the interglacial episode, marine isotope stage (MIS) KM5c, which peaked at 3.205 Ma, when orbital forcing was similar to modern (Haywood et al., 2016).’
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
Featured articles and news
Quality Planning for Micro and Small to Medium Sized Enterprises
A CIOB Academy Technical Information sheet.
A briefing on fall protection systems for designers
A legal requirement and an ethical must.
CIOB Ireland launches manifesto for 2024 General Election
A vision for a sustainable, high-quality built environment that benefits all members of society.
Local leaders gain new powers to support local high streets
High Street Rental Auctions to be introduced from December.
Infrastructure sector posts second gain for October
With a boost for housebuilder and commercial developer contract awards.
Sustainable construction design teams survey
Shaping the Future of Sustainable Design: Your Voice Matters.
COP29; impacts of construction and updates
Amid criticism, open letters and calls for reform.
The properties of conservation rooflights
Things to consider when choosing the right product.
Adapting to meet changing needs.
London Build: A festival of construction
Co-located with the London Build Fire & Security Expo.
Tasked with locating groups of 10,000 homes with opportunity.
Delivering radical reform in the UK energy market
What are the benefits, barriers and underlying principles.
Information Management Initiative IMI
Building sector-transforming capabilities in emerging technologies.
Recent study of UK households reveals chilling home truths
Poor insulation, EPC knowledge and lack of understanding as to what retrofit might offer.
Embodied Carbon in the Built Environment
Overview, regulations, detail calculations and much more.
Why the construction sector must embrace workplace mental health support
Let’s talk; more importantly now, than ever.
Ensuring the trustworthiness of AI systems
A key growth area, including impacts for construction.